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Maria "Masha" Bruskina ((ベラルーシ語:Марыя Барысаўна Брускіна) ''Marïya Barïsawna Bruskina''; (ロシア語:Мария Борисовна Брускина) ''Mariya Borisovna Bruskina''; 1924 – 26 October 1941 in Minsk) was a 17-year-old Jewish member of the Minsk Resistance during World War II. She volunteered as a nurse at the hospital in the Polytechnic Institute, which had been set up to care for wounded members of the Red Army. In addition to caring for the soldiers, she helped them escape by smuggling civilian clothing and false identity papers into the hospital. A patient told the Germans what Bruskina was doing, and she was arrested on October 14, 1941, by members of the Wehrmacht's 707 Infantry Division and the 2nd Schutzmannschaft Battalion,〔(USA v KAZYS CIURINSKAS )〕 Lithuanian auxiliary troops under the command of Major Antanas Impulevičius. After being arrested, Bruskina wrote a letter to her mother on October 20, 1941: Local German authorities decided on a public hanging to make an example of Bruskina, along with two other members of the resistance, 16-year-old Volodia Shcherbatsevich and World War I veteran Kiril Trus. Before being hanged, she was paraded through the streets with a plaque around her neck which read, in both German and Russian: "We are partisans and have shot at German troops". Members of the resistance were made to wear similar signs whether or not they had actually shot at German troops. She and her two comrades were hanged in public on Sunday, October 26, 1941, in front of "Minsk Kristall" a yeast brewery and distillery plant on Nizhne-Lyahovskaya Street (15 Oktyabrskaya Street today). The Germans let the bodies hang for three full days before allowing them to be cut down and buried. Pyotr Pavlovich Borisenko witnessed the execution: Olga Shcherbatsevich, the mother of Volodia Shcherbatsevich was hanged the same day as her son with two other members of the resistance in front of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.〔''A Historical Injustice: the case of Masha Bruskina''; by Nechama Tec and Daniel Weiss, University of Connecticut in Stamford, ''Johns Hopkins University Holocaust and Genocide Studies''; 1997 11(3):366-377; 〕 For decades after the war, Bruskina was officially referred to only as "the unknown girl", allegedly due to antisemitism from Soviet authorities. Up to 2009, Bruskina's name was not acknowledged on the memorial plaque at the execution place. However, since 2009, a new memorial plaque at the execution place has been placed. The Russian inscription now reads "Here on October 26, 1941 the Fascists executed the Soviet patriots K. I. Truss, V. I. Sherbateyvich and M.B. Bruskina". Masha was first recognized in the 1960s, as most of her family and friend had been killed in the Minsk ghetto.〔http://spartacus-educational.com/2WWbruskina.htm〕 A monument for Bruskina was erected in HaKfar HaYarok in Israel and a street was named after her in Jerusalem. ==See also== * Belarusian resistance during World War II * Jewish partisans * Belarusian partisans 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Masha Bruskina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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